Value Chain Analysis for Beginners: Find What Customers Value and What Costs Most, Then Fix One

Business & Strategy

Value Chain Analysis for Beginners: Find What Customers Value and What Costs Most, Then Fix One

Owners of small shops and makers with sales but little profit use this value chain analysis for beginners template to find what customers value, what costs money, and fix one. On four whiteboard pages you name the product and the problem, line up five main activities and four support activities, write the value and the cost of each, place them in four zones to pick one to fix, then set steps, owners and dates and compare before and after. The task board has five columns, from preparation to done, with four parent tasks and three subtasks each. To run a value chain analysis, restate Porter's main and support activities in your own words, check that sales minus the cost of every activity leaves the profit (what Porter calls the margin), then look for costly activities that matter little to customers. Costs are written as a share of monthly sales (100%), so no accounting skills are needed. You can write together in a limited-visibility team.

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① Product to analyze (start here) ② Why profit does not stay ③ Numbers to check ④ Five main activities (the path to t... ⑤ Run the business (management) ⑥ Develop people (HR) ⑦ Improve methods (technology) ⑧ Decide how to buy (sourcing) ⑨ Value and cost by activity (copy th... ⑩ What the table shows (write after r... ⑪ Place the ⑨ activities in four zone... High value × low cost High value × high cost Low value × low cost Low value × high cost ⑫ Compare three candidates (pick from... ⑬ Decide the one activity to fix (fro... ⑭ Five steps to fix the ⑬ activity ⑮ Owner, date and number to check (wr... ⑯ Numbers before the fix ⑰ Numbers after the fix ⑱ Next step Value Chain Analy... How to use (4 pag... Value to customer... Rules, owners, nu... Effort, money, pr... Insights, next step 1/4 Line up the activ... Ctrl+F / ⌘F : 2/4... → 2/4 2/4 Write value and cost ↙ 3/4 e.g. a gift box of handmade baked sweets e.g. sold in the shop and online Narrow it to one product or channel Write it with the people in each step e.g. sales match last year, yet little cash stays e.g. more orders mean busier days, thin profit Write one problem in one sentence Do not blame anyone e.g. monthly sales = 100%, write each cost in % Sales − cost of all activities = profit (margin) e.g. now 100% − 95% = 5% profit Use the last month's numbers BuyOriginal: inbound logisticse.g. buy ingredients and boxes twice a week MakeOriginal: operationse.g. 3 people bake and pack every morning DeliverOriginal: outbound logisticse.g. pack and ship each online order SellOriginal: marketing and salese.g. social posts and in-shop tastings After-salesOriginal: servicee.g. reply to reviews, replace broken items Original: firm infrastructure Money, books and rules e.g. bookkeeping and month-end payments e.g. the owner spends 5 hours a week Original: human resource management Hire, teach, plan shifts e.g. teach newcomers the baking e.g. one extra helper in busy months Original: technology development Improve recipes, tools, systems e.g. test a longer-lasting recipe e.g. track orders in a spreadsheet Original: procurement Decide what to buy, where, and how e.g. review butter suppliers once a year e.g. buy boxes at a nearby shop as needed What you do Value to customers Effort and money What you notice Buy e.g. buy ingredientsand boxes twice a week e.g. local buttergives good taste e.g. 30% of sales2 hours of ordering a week e.g. boxes come froman expensive shop Make e.g. 3 people bakeand pack each morning e.g. customers choosethe fresh-baked smell e.g. 25% of sales10% goes unsold e.g. we oftenmisjudge the amount Deliver e.g. pack and shipeach order e.g. delivery speed isthe same as other shops e.g. 15% of sales2 hours of packing a day e.g. the shop paysmost of the postage Sell e.g. social posts andin-shop tastings e.g. tastings work, adsunclear e.g. 12% of sales3 hours of posting a week e.g. we do notmeasure the ads After-sales e.g. replies to reviews,replace broken items e.g. some customersbuy again after a reply e.g. 3% of sales1 hour a week e.g. it works andcosts little Support e.g. books, people,recipes, buying e.g. a new recipebecomes the next product e.g. 10% of sales5 hours of books a week e.g. total 95%, only5% profit is left Activity that matters most to customerse.g. Make (they choose the fresh-baked smell) Activity that costs the moste.g. Buy (30% of sales). Next is Make (25% of sales) Costs a lot but matters littlee.g. Deliver (the shop pays most postage, 15% of sales) 3/4 Choose what to fix → 4/4 4/4 Run the fix steps 縦軸: Value to cust... Protect and grow it. e.g. After-sales (replies to reviews) Keep it, but work smarter. e.g. Make (fresh-baked) Leave it for now. e.g. bookkeeping under management Pick what to fix from here. e.g. Deliver (postage), Sell (ads), Buy (boxes) What to fix Money saved Effect on customers Ease of starting Option 1 Deliver e.g. change howpostage is paid e.g. about 5% of sales e.g. delivery datesstay the same e.g. high(can try next week) Option 2 Sell e.g. stop the adsthat do not work e.g. about 3% of sales e.g. fewer newcustomers, maybe e.g. medium(measure the ads first) Option 3 Buy e.g. switch boxesto a cheaper shop e.g. about 1% of sales e.g. the lookchanges a little e.g. high(just ask one supplier) Activity to fixe.g. Deliver: change how postage is paid Why this onee.g. saves the most money, and little effect on customers Candidates to skip for nowe.g. decide on ads after measuring them for a month Measure nowe.g. record a month ofpostage and orders Come up with idease.g. shop pays postage onlyabove a set order value Try smalle.g. try it on onlineorders for 2 weeks Compare resultse.g. compare postage share andorders with before Decide to continuee.g. if good, announce itofficially in the shop news What to do Owner Date Number to check Steps 1–2 e.g. record postage andorders, then propose Owner: ____ e.g. by week 4 e.g. postage share (%) Step 3 e.g. try it on onlineorders for 2 weeks Owner: ____ e.g. by week 6 e.g. orders (count) Steps 4–5 e.g. compare with beforeand decide to continue Owner: ____ e.g. by week 7 e.g. profit share (%) e.g. postage: 15% of sales e.g. online orders: 60 in 2 weeks Period measured: ____ e.g. postage: 10% of sales e.g. online orders: 63 in 2 weeks Write the profit share back into the ⑨ table e.g. keep reviewing postage e.g. next, measure Option 2 (ads) from ⑫ for a month Next check date: __/__ → 2/4 Write value and cost ↙ 3/4 Choose what to fix → 4/4 Run the fix steps
100%

Drag to move, scroll to zoom

Task board contents

Preparing analysis 16 items

Line up activities
Value and cost
Choose what to fix
Run the fix steps
Product and problem
Choose the numbers
Map 9 activities
Fill the main table
One row for support
Note what you see
Place in 4 zones
Compare 3 options
Pick one to fix
Set the 5 steps
Add owners, dates
Compare the numbers

Writing it out 0 items

Trying a fix 0 items

Checking numbers 0 items

Done 0 items

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